6 Tips and Tricks Introduction This chapter gives you some tips and shortcuts to help you use NCSA Mosaic effectively. Canceling a Document Transfer If a file is taking too long to transfer, cancel the download by left-clicking on the Mosaic spinning globe icon in the top right-hand corner of the Mosaic window. Going Back to an Internal Hyperlink Some documents have a set of internal hyperlinks from one location in a docu- ment to another location in the same document. In this case, using the Back menu option or button returns you to the start of the hyperlink, but you remain in the current document. An example of internal hyperlinks is in the BeginnerÕs Guide to HTML on the NCSA Mosaic Help menu. The Òtable of contentsÓ on the first screen of that doc- ument is a set of internal hyperlinks within that guide. The Back button returns you to the start of the hyperlink. Getting Source HTML One of the best ways to learn the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is to mimic other documents. To do this you need to check the source file. To view a document source file, choose View Source... from the File menu. The Doc- ument Source window opens displaying the coded source. To mail a document source to yourself, choose Mail to... from the File menu. Enter your full electronic mail address, choose a file format, and click Mail. Setting an Editor You can edit a source document by choosing Edit Source... from the File menu. This is a convenience for Web document authors. If you already have an editor already set, no action is required. To set an editor, add the name of your editor by including the following line in your .Xdefaults file: Mosaic*defaulteditCommand /path/editorname You can also set the EDITOR environment variable in your .login or .cshrc file: setenv EDITOR /path/editorname Opening Document Directly On occasion you may want to open a document directly instead of connecting to a document through a series of hyperlinks. To do this, use the Uniform Resource Locator (URL). URLs combine the protocol, name of the machine serving the file to the Internet, and the path and filename. From the File Menu To open a document directly, select Open... from the File menu and enter the URL in the URL To Open field that appears in the dialog box. Your cursor must be in the field in the dialog box to type. Using the URL Field You can enter a URL directly into the URL field at the top of your Mosaic win- dow. Highlight the current URL and press the DELETE key to remove as much of the existing URL as necessary (e.g., you can almost always retain the http:// information and sometime much more if you are opening another document on the same server). Enter the URL and press RETURN. Displaying the URL Your cursor becomes a small hand when you have it over a hyperlink. The URL of the document under the hand pointer is shown in the status line on the Doc- ument View window. This tells you the server location where NCSA Mosaic will go to retrieve the document. Another way to see the URL for a document is to open the document source file by choosing View Source... from the File menu. The Document Source window dis- plays the HTML source file that is being interpreted by NCSA Mosaic. Look for the URL enclosed in one of the following HTML codes: <a href="URL"> or <img src="URL">. Saving Inlined Images Occasionally you might want to save a particular image file. The process for doing this is less straightforward than saving the source HTML file. To save inlined images to disk: 1. Choose View Source... from the File menu. Note the URL of the source image you want to download. Inline images are referenced with the <IMG SRC> tag (e.g., <IMG SRC="MyPicture.gif">). 2. Choose Load To Local Disk from the Options menu. 3. Select Open URLÉ from the File menu. 4. Enter the URL of the inline image. If the URL in the IMG SRC tag is a com- plete URL, enter that into the Open URL field. Otherwise, the image fileÕs location is relative to the source HTML document. For example, if the URL of the source HTML document is http://www.univ.edu/directory/file.html, and the <IMG SRC> tag is <IMG SRC="MyPicture.gif">, then the URL of the inline image is http://www.univ.edu/directory/MyPicture.gif. Enter the full URL into the Open URL field. 5. Press RETURN or click Open. A standard dialog box appears for you to specify the name and location of the downloaded file. 6. Enter the name of the image file. Click OK. The image is saved as a binary file. NOTE: Remember to deselect the Load To Local Disk on the Options menu. If you leave it checked, all hyperlinks are saved rather than displayed. Keyboard Options Underlined Keys on a Selected Menu Each underlined letter is a shortcut to the same action as the corresponding menu item after the menu is open on your screen. You must have first selected a menu for the underlined shortcuts to work. Hotkeys While your mouse pointer is in the hypertext viewing area, the following hot- keys (keyboard shortcuts for common actions) are active. As the table below shows, in most instances, NCSA Mosaic accepts either case for the hotkey. Equivalent Action a or A Annotate b or B Back c or C Clone d or D Document source f or F Forward H Hotlist m or M Mail to n or N New window l or L Open local o or O Open URL p or P Print R Refresh r Reload s or S Search/find in document h Window history ESC Close current window Moving Around the Window Use the following arrow keys to move around in the NCSA Mosaic window: Key Action Down arrow Scroll down one line Up arrow Scroll up one line Left arrow Scroll left Right arrow Scroll right PAGE UP Scroll up one page PRIOR Scroll up one page BACKSPACE Scroll up one page DELETE Scroll up one page PAGE DOWN Scroll down one page NEXT Scroll down one page RETURN Scroll down one page TAB Scroll down one page SPACE Scroll down one page Selecting Text You can select text from the viewing area as though you were in a normal work- station or editor window. Cut and paste into other X Window System windows as usual by pressing the left mouse button to begin selecting text and then holding the button down and dragging. Alternately, release the left mouse but- ton and use the right mouse button to complete the selection. The Fancy Selections toggle under the Options menu causes the paste function to imitate the formatted display in the NCSA Mosaic viewing area.